;+ljwfg agfpg] sfo{ /fi6« lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ xf] . ljBdfg ;dfh / /fi6«sf] vfsfnfO{ ;do ;fk]lIFt ?kdf Jojl:yt ug{ jf /fHo / ;/sf/sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx¿nfO{ k'gM kl/eflift ug{ / clwsf/ / st{Josf] k'gM ljt/0f ug{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . kl5Nnf ;dodf /fHoleqsf] åGå ;dfwfg u/L zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ p2]ZonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg klg gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ul/Psf y'k|} b[i6fGtx¿ e]6fpg ;lsG5 . s]Gof, ?jfG8f, lgsf/fu'jf, lkmhL, ckmkuflg:tfg, sDaf]l8of, Olyof]lkof, kf]Nof08, Ujf6]dfnf, a'?G8L cflb b]zsf k|of;x¿ o;sf pbfx/0f x'g\ . 
;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sfo{leq cGtlg{lxt w]/} p2]Zox¿dWo] ;a} cj:yfsf] ;femf p2]Zo eg]sf] /fHOdf gof“ yfngL ug'{ xf] . ljut;“usf] ;DaGw ljR5]b u/]/ gof“ yfngLsf] cfjZostf af]w x'g kl/l:ylt eg] d'n'scg';f/ km/skm/s x'g ;S5g\ . tL kl/l:yltdWo] Pp6f cj:yf pklgj]z jf csf]{ /fHosf] lgoGqs0faf6 s'g} /fHo :jtGq ePdf To:tf] :jtGq /fHosf] gof“ yfngLsf nflu ;+ljwfg n]Vg] sfo{ xf] . ef/t, cli6«of, xªu]/L, r]sf]:nfeflsof, k"jL{ l6df]/ cflb b]zsf ;+ljwfgx¿ o; sf]l6sf ;+ljwfg x'g\ . o'4df xf/lht ePsf sf/0f klg /fHodf gof“ yfngL ug'{kg]{ kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf eO{ ;+ljwfg n]Vg'kg]{ cj:yf /xg hfG5 . k|mfG;, hd{gL, hfkfg cflb b]zsf ;+ljwfgx¿ oxL w/ftndf n]lvPsf x'g\ . gof“ yfngLsf] t];|f] cj:yf eg]sf] qmflGt, ;z:q ljb|f]x jf ljz]if kl/l:yltsf sf/0f k'/fgf] ;Qf e+u eO{ gof“ ;QF lgdf{0f x'g] cj:yf xf] . ?;, rLg, So"jf cflb b]zsf ;+ljwfgx¿ o; sf]l6sf kl/l:yltsf pkh dflgG5g\ . dfly plNnlvt cj:yfx¿sf cltl/Qm ljBdfg /fhgLlts jf /fHo k|0ffnLsf] hl6ntfnfO{ x6fO{ k'g;+{/lrt ug]{ p2]Zosf nflu klg gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ;fy}, ljBdfg ;+ljwfgn] hgtfsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; k|fKt ug{ g;s]df pgLx¿sf] tfhf ljZjf; k|flKtsf nflu klg gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ x'g hfG5 . g]kfnsf] cj:yf t];|f], rf}yf] / kf“rf}+ kl/j]z;“u glhs /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] cfjZostf af]w ePkl5 5gf]6 / lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] xf] . ;+;f/df ag]sf ;+ljwfgx¿sf] lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf Ps?ktf kfO“b}g . b]zsf] j:t'l:ylt, e"/fhgLlt, ;fdflhs, cfly{s cj:yf cflbsf cfwf/df km/skm/s k|lqmofx¿ cjnDag u/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|of]usf b[li6sf]0fn] lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf cEof;x¿sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] rl/qnfO{ b'O{ efudf ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 . Pp6f lj1åf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|lqmof / bf];|f], hg;xeflutfåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|lqmof klxnf] k|lqmofsf] yfngL cd]l/sfaf6 ePsf] dFGg ;lsG5 . ;+ljwfgsf s]xL lj1 / ;dfhsf s]xL clehftju{sf] ;xefuLtfdf cd]l/sL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o;/L lgdf{0f ul/g] ;+ljwfgnfO{ hgtfsf] ;xdlt jf 5nkmnsf] b:tfj]heGbf klg /fHosf zf;sx¿aLr ;DkGg ;Demf}tfsf] b:tfj]hsf ?kdf lnOG5 .
bf];|f] k|lqmofsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fljlw vf; u/L ;Q/L / c;Lsf] bzskZrft\ ;+;f/df k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 . o; ljlwcg';f/ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ubf{ ;+ljwfgnfO{ vf; JolQm jf ju{aLrsf] ;Demf}tfsf] b:tfj]hsf ?kdf glnO{ cfd hgtfsf] 5nkmn / ;xdltaf6 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] b:tfj]hsf ?kdf lnOG5 . o;/L lgdf{0f ePsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ 5nkmnsf] b:tfj]h dflgG5 . o; ljlwn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf hgtfsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ s]jn g}lts clwsf/sf ?kdf dfq gx]/L sfg'gL clwsf/s} c+zsf ?kdf x]b{5 . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ æ ;xdlt ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofÆ sf] Pp6f pkfo dflgG5 . / o; ljlw cGtu{t ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf gful/snfO{ slDtdf tLg r/0fdf ;dfj]z / ;xefuL u/fOG5 . klxnf] r/0f, ;+ljwfg;ef jf ;Ifd ;ldlt jf cfof]usf] u7g x'g' k"j{sf] xf] . o; r/0fdf gful/sx¿n] ;+ljwfg;ef jf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;ldltsf] uGtJo / cfwf/e"t ;t{x¿ lgwf{/0f ub{5g\ . cyf{t\ gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] uGtJo s] x'g] / To:tf] ;+ljwfgn] slDtdf s:tf cfwf/e"t ;+j}wflgs l;4fGtx¿ ;d]6\g] eGg] s'/f o; r/0fdf lgwf{/0f ul/G5 .
bf];|f] r/0f ;+ljwfg;ef jf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;ldlt u7g ePkZrft\sf] cjlw xf] . o; cjlwdf cfd gful/s ;ef;b\ jf ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿;“u lgoldt ;Dks{df /xG5g\ . ljleGg ;+oGqx¿dfkm{t\ hgtfn] JoQm u/]sf yk OR5f / cfsf+Iffx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ ug]{ sfd o; r/0fdf ul/G5 / t];|f] r/0f eg]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ kZrft\sf] cjlw xf] . of] ;dodf cfd gful/snfO{ ;+ljwfgdfly pgLx¿sf] clGtd :jfldTj :yflkt ug]{ cj;/ lbOG5 . of] cj;/ pgLx¿n] hgdt;+u|xsf dfWodaf6 k|of]u u5{g\ . o;/L cfd gful/sx¿n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf eO{ cGtdf pgLx¿s} k|ToIF hgdtaf6 ;+ljwfg cg'df]bg ePkl5 æ;xeflutfd"ns ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofÆ sf] rqm ;dfKt x'G5 . gful/ssf] ;xefuLtfnfO{ x/]s r/0fdf dxTj lbOg] ePsfn] o; ljlwsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ æk|lqmofk|wfg ;+ljwfgjfbÆ klg elgG5 . tyflk k|lqmofsf] 5gf]6 ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s:tf] kl/l:yltdf s'g 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfg /fHonfO{ rflxPsf] xf] eGg] klg xf] . ;+;f/df k|of]u ePsf ;+ljwfgsf cfwf/e"t 9f“rfx¿nfO{ lgDgadf]lhd ;+If]kdf ljZn]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
;+ljwfgsf cfwf/e"t 9f“rfx¿
dfly ljZn]if0f ul/Pem}+ ;+ljwfgsf] 9f“rf / ;+ljwfg lgdF{0f k|lqmof Ps cfk;sf ;xofuL ljifo x'g\ . s'g} cj:yfdf ;+ljwfgsf] 9f“rfn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ / s'g} cj:yfdf lgdf{0f k|lqmofn] ;+ljwfgsf] 9f“rfnfO{ k|efj kfb{5 . 9f“rf jf k|lqmof h;sf] jr{:j /x] klg ;+ljwfg /fHosf] d"n sfg'g x'g] ePsfn] lglZrt ;+/rgf / l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t ;+ljwfg pkof]uL / k|of]ul;4 x'g]df b'Odt /xg ;Sb}g .
;+ljwfgsf cGtj{:t'x¿ aLrsf] ;DaGw, o;sf cGtlg{lxt df}lns rl/qx¿ / lgdf{0f k|lqmofx¿sf cfwf/df ljZjsf ;+ljwfgsf 9f“rfx¿nfO{ kf“rcf]6f cfwf/e"t ju{df ljefhg ug{ ;lsG5 .
;jf]{Rr lgod / cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf] d"t{ ?ksf ?kdf ;+ljwfg
o; 9f“rfdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;+ljwfgn] cfwf/e"t lgodsf] d"t{ :j?ksf ?kdf ;/sf/sf] vfsf to u5{ . ;/sf/ s;/L ;+rflnt x'g'k5{ eGg] ;t{x¿ lgwf{l/t u5{ . cfwf/e"t ;+/rgf, lgsfo / /fHo ;+rfng k|lqmofx¿sf] /]vf+sg u5{ . To;sf ;fy} gful/sx¿sf] ;+/IFssf ?kdf o;n] s]xL lglZrt clwsf/x¿nfO{ df}lns clwsf/x¿sf ?kdf 3f]if0ff u/]/ ltgsf] /Iffsf lglDt cfjZos ;+oGq lgdf{0f u5{ .
o; 9f“rfdf n]lvg] ;+ljwfg d"ntM ;jf]{Rr lgodx¿sf] b:tfj]hsf ?kdf /xg] x'“bf ;+lIFKt / kl/is[t x'G5 . nfdf] JofVofg jf ljifo;"rL ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] x'“b}g . ;+ljwfgn] Descriptiv Document geO{ Prescriptie Document sf] sfd ug'{kb{5 eGg] dfGotf o; 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgn] /fv]sf] x'G5 . cd]l/sf nufot c+u|]hL efifL d'n'sx¿df o; 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgsf] jr{:j cfh klg sfod /x]sf] 5 .
;+lxtfsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg
;+ljwfgsf] klxnf] 9f“rf ljkl/t o; 9f“rfn] ;+ljwfgnfO{ :yflkt dfGotfx¿;“u ;fdgf ug{sf nflu kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] /fHosf] Pp6f ;+lxtfsf ?kdf a'emfp“5 . o:tf ;+ljwfgx¿sf ;Gbe{df ;+j}wflgs kl/jt{gn] ls t zf;gdf kl/jt{g cfpsf] cg'e"lt lbG5 ls tTsfnLg ;dodf ;/sf/sf] cGtnfO{ ;Ldf+sg ug{ csf]{ ;+ljwfgsf] cfjZostf cf}Nofp“5 . cli6«of / ;+3Lo u0ftGq hd{gLsf ;+ljwfgx¿ To:tf] s7f]/ 9f“rfsf pTs[i6 b[i6fGtx¿ x'g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] o:tf] 9f“rfn] ef/t nufot w]/} h;f] o"/f]k]nL dxfb]zLo nf]stGqdf jr{Zj sfod u/]sf] 5 . o; 9f“rfdf ;+ljwfg tof/ ubf{ w]/} ljifox¿ ;d]l6G5g\ / ;+ljwfgnfO{ lj:t[t b:tfj]hsf ?kdf nfu' ul/G5 .
qmflGtsf/L 3f]if0ffkqsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg
Pp6f :yflkt ;dfhsf] ;du| qmflGtsf/L k'gu{7gsf nflu o; lsl;dsf] ;+ljwfgsf] 9f“rf kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] x'G5 . o;k|sf/sf] ;+ljwfg Pp6f ;fdflhs qmflGtsf] pknlAwdf cfwfl/t x'G5 . To:tf] pknAwL lgtfGt df}lns lsl;dsf] x'G5, h;df ;du| /fhgLlts k|efj / 3f]if0ffx¿ cGtlg{lxt x'G5g\ . o; 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfg ;dfhjfbL tyf ;fDojfbL /fHox¿df k|rlnt 5 . o:tf] ;+ljwfgsf] 9f“rf k'/fgf dfGotfx¿nfO{ pv]n]/ kmfNg / To:tf dfGotfx¿sf] ;Dk"0f{tfd} k'gM ;+of]hg ug[ kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] x'G5 . ;+ljwfgsf] o; lsl;dsf] 9f“rfn] o'uf]:nfleof nufot k"j{ ;f]leot ;+3 v]dfsf d'n'sx¿df k|e'Tj hdfPsf] 5 .
hgrfxgfsf] /fhgLlts 3f]if0ffkqsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg
;+ljwfgsf] of] 9f“rf t];|f] ljZj;“u lgs} 3lgi7 ?kn] kl/lrt 5 . of] 9f“rf blIF0f cd]l/sL d'n'sx¿åf/f pGgfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf k|ltkfbg ul/Psf] xf] . ljlwsf] dfkb08cg'?k zf;g ug{ ljBdfg clVtof/jfnfx¿nfO{ ;dy{ Nofpgsf lglDt zf;g ;+rfnsx¿sf] cfwf/e"t ;+/rgf;lxt zf;g k|0ffnL o:tf] x'g'k5{ eg]/ gful/sx¿n] h] ljZjf; u5{g\ ToxL s'/fnfO{ o; k|sf/sf] ;+ljwfgn] cleJoQm ub{5 . o; 9f“rfn] ;+ljwfgnfO{ Ps lsl;dsf] 3f]if0ffkq, ;Dk|bfosf] OR5fkq jf lgi7fsf] :jLsf/f]lQm, hgtfsf OR5f cfsf+IFfx¿sf] cleJolQmjf o:t] cGo ?kdf kl/eflift u5{ . o:tf] 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ sfg'gL b:tfj]hsf ?kdf dfq gx]/L P ;fdflhs tyf /fhgLlts b:tfj]hsf ?kdf klg x]g{ ;lsG5 . h;n] hgtfsf] cfb/, :g]x / jf:tjdf cf1fsfl/tfnfO{ cfj\xfg ub{5 . blIf0f cd]l/sL, clwsf+z Pl;ofnL tyf clk|msL /fi6«x¿ o; 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgaf6 Jofks ?kdf k|efljt 5g\ . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& klxnf] / rf}yf] 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgf6 k|efljt ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;+ljwfgsf] ;fdfGo agf]6 / df}lns xssf kl/R5]bx¿ Prescriptie Document sf l;4fGt cg'?k d:of}bf ePsf] eP klg /fHosf gLlt tyf lgb]{zs l;4fGtx¿sf] kl/R5]b /fhgLlts 3f]if0ffkqsf ?kdf d:of}bf ul/Psf] 5 .
k|rng / d"Nox¿sf] k|lt?kdf ?kdf ;+ljwfg
lnlvt ;+ljwfg cjnDag gu/L d"No dfGotf / :yflkt glh/x¿sf cfwf/df /fHO ;+rfng ug]{ k4lt;“u o; 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfgn] ;DaGw /fv]sf] x'G5 . ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfot To:tf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] . a]nfotsf] ;+ljwfg ;+j}wflgs ljsf;sf lglDt k|z+l;t 5 .
o; 9f“rfsf] csf]{ pbfx/0f Oh/fon x'g ;S5 . Oh/fondf klxnf] g];]6 ;+ljwfg;efsf ?kdf r'lgPsf] lyof] . To;n] jif{e/Lsf] ;+ljwfg n]Vg] ls gn]Vg] eGg] ljjfbdf latfof] . tf]/fx, ox'bLx¿sf] k/Dk/fut ;+ljwfgsf] ;§f gof“ ;+ljwfg n]Vg] ljrf/nfO{ Toxf“sf] k/Dk/fjfbL wfld{s bnx¿n] lj/f]w ugf{n] Tof] lgsfo cnkq k¥of] . csf]{lt/ ;dfhjfbLx¿n] wfld{s bnx¿sf] ljrf/nfO{ plQs} lj/f]w ul//x]sf lyP lsgeg] gof“ /fi6« s:tf] x'g'k5{ eGg] pgLx¿sf] dfS;{jfbL kl/sNkgfnfO{ cfpg nfu]sf] ;+ljwfgn] c“ufNb}g eGg] pgLx¿nfO{ yfxf lyof] .
ctM s'g} klg gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/rgf / cGtj{:t'sf af/]df lg0f{o ug{ dfly aofg ul/Psf ;+ljwfgsf 9f“rfx¿sf] cWoog dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{o / k|lqmofdf k|j]z u/]sf] cj:yfdf xfd|f nflu klg s'g 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ eGg] k|Zg dxTjk"0f{ x'g ;S5 . k|of]usf b[li6sf]0fn] x]bf{ klxnf] rf}yf] df]8]nsf] lglZrt 9f“rfdf gof“ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
;+ljwfg;ef
cfd?kdf a'lemPem}+ ;+ljwfg;ef ;+ljwfg lgdF{0f ug]{ Pp6f ljlw xf] . tyflk ;+ljwfg;efsf dfWodåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ubf{ cjnDag ul/g] k|lqmof, hgtfsf] ;xeflutf, ;+ljwfg JoQm x'g] hgtfsf] OR5f–cfsf+Iff, pgLx¿sf] :jfldTj / ;jf]{Rrtf cflbsf sf/0fn] sltko ljlwzf:qLx¿ ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ s]jn ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ljlw jf k|lqmofdf ;Lldt gu/L ;+ljwfgjfb s} Ps k"j{;t{sf ?kdf ljZn]if0f ug{ ?rfp“5g\ . jf:tjdf ;+ljwfg;ef Ps k|lqmofk|wfg ;+ljwfgjfbsf] Ps 36s xf] . o; ljlwåf/f ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ubf{ ;+ljwfgsf ljifo;"rLsf t'ngfdf k|lqmofnfO{ Hofbf dxTj lbOG5 . o;sf k5fl8sf] bz{g eg]sf] ;dfhsf ;a} tx / tKsfsf gful/ssf] ;xeflutf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k+lqmofdf u/fpg ;lsof]; eGg] xf] . æ;+ljwfg;efåf/f /fi6«lgdf{0fÆ eGg] egfOsf] ;fy{stf klg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdflysf] hg;xeflutfdf c8]sf] x'G5 . k|lqmofsf] afx'No /xg]x'“bf of] ljlw TolQs} ;do nfUg] / vlr{nf] klg x'G5 . aflx/L cg'ejnfO{ x]bf{ k|mfG;df sl/j # jif{- h'nfO{(, !&*( b]lv ;]K6]Da/ #), !&(! _ lny'cflgofdf sl/a # jif{ -cS6f]a/ #), !(!( b]lv cS6f]a/ @@, !(@@_ ef/tdf sl/a # jif{ -l8;]Da/ (,!($^ b]lv hgj/L @^, !($(_, kfls:tfgdf sl/a & jif{
-cu:6 !!,!($& b]lv cS6f]a/ @$,!(%$_ O6fnLdf sl/a c9fO{ jif{ -h'nfO{ !#,!($^ b]lv d] !@, !($*_ blIF0f clk|msfdf sl/a # jif{ -d] (,!(($ b]lv clk|n #),!((&_, ;do vlr{Psf] b]lvG5 . t/ plNnlvt ;do ;+ljwfg;ef u7g ePsf lbgb]lv ;+ljwfg cjnDag ePsf lbg;Dsf] xf] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] u7g k|lqmof, ;+qmd0fsfnsf] Joj:yfkg cflb sfo{df vlr{Psf] ;do hf]8\g] xf] eg] k|foM ;a}h;f] b]zx¿df slDtdf cf}ift % b]lv & jif{ ;do nfu]sf] b]lvG5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu blIF0f clk|msfdf !(($ df ;+ljwfg;efsf] u7g ePsf] eP tfklg o;;DaGwL sfo{sf] yfngL pgLx¿n] ;gl\ !(() b]lv g} u/]sf lyP . o;/L hf]8\bf ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ pgLx¿nfO{ hDdf & jif{ nfu]sf] lyof] .
;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ubf{ l;+uf] /fHonfO{ Pp6f sfo{zfnf agfO{ cfd gful/snfO{ slDtdf tLg r/0fsf] k|lqmofdf k"0f{ ;xefuL u/fOG5 . /, pgLx¿sf] dt / rfxgfcg'?k ;+ljwfgsf ljifoj:t'x¿ / /fHosf] vfsf tof/ x'“b} hfG5 .tL r/0fx¿dWo] klxnf] r/0f ;+ljwfg;ef u7g x'g'k"j{sf] xf] . o; r/0fsf gful/sx¿n] gof“ ;+ljwfgsf cfwf/e"t uGtJo / l;4fGtx¿ -;t{x¿_ lgwf{/0f ub{5g\ . tL uGtJo / l;4fGtx¿ ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu dfu{bz{s x'G5g\ . hgtfsf] cfk;L 5nkmn, ;xdlt jf hgdt;+u|xåf/f to ul/Psf To:tf ;t{x¿sf] kfngf ;+ljwfg;efn] clgjfo{ ?kdf u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 . bf];|f] r/0f ;+ljwfg;ef u7gkZrft\sf] xf] . o; r/0fdf ;+ljwfg;efn] lgdf{0f u/]sf ljleGg ;+oGqnfO{ h:t} ;ldlt , pk;ldlt cflbsf dfWodåf/f hgtfx¿ ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|ToIF ;Dks{df /xL cfkm\gf dtx¿ lg/Gt/ hfx]/ ub{5g\ . t];|f] jf clGtd r/0f eg]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ ePkZrft\sf] ;do xf] . o; r/0fdf ;+ljwfg;efn] tof/ kf/]sf] d:of}bf hgtfn] k|ToIF hgdtåf/f cg'df]bg u5{g\ . ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{ k5fl8sf] d'Vo bz{g eg]sf] sfg'gsf] ;jf]{Rr ;|f]t hgtf x'g] x'“bf hgtfåf/f k|ToIF jf ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfWodåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f gul/Pdf ;+ljwfgn] ;jf]{Rr sfg'gsf] zlQm / rl/q k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] xf] . ;+ljwfgn] /fHodfly sdf08 ug{ klg o;sf] lgdf{0f jf cg'df]bg hgtfåf/f ul/g'k5{ eGg] dfGotf /flvG5 .
;+ljwfg;efsf af/]df hlt g} j0f{g ul/Psf] eP klg ;+ljwfg;ef ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ gjLgtd ljlw eg] kSs} xf]Og . kl5Nnf lbgdf ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ubf{ ef]Ug'k/]sf ;d:ofx¿nfO{ b[li6ut u/L Pj+ ;+ljwfg;efsf] ck|ToIF dfWodeGbf k|ToIF dfWodåf/f hgtfnfO{ ;+ljwfgdflysf] :jfldTj / ckgTj :yflkt ug{ lbg'k5{ eGg] dfGotfn] k|e'Tj kfPsf] b]lvG5 . kl/0ffdtM c;L÷gAa]sf] bzsk5fl8 clwsf+z ;+ljwfgx¿ s'g} ;IFd ;ldlt jf cfof]uåf/f d:of}bf u/L hgtfsf aLrsf] Jofks 5nkmnkZrft\ hgdt;+u|xåf/f cg'df]bg u/fO{ nfu' ul/Psf] kfOG5 . ;+;f/df xfn hf/L /x]sf sl/a @)) /fi6«sf ;+ljwfgx¿dWo] s]jn $) hlt /fi6«sf ;+ljwfgx¿ dfq ;+ljwfg;efaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] -clwsf+z c;kmn_ b[i6fGtn] klg of] s'/fsf] k'li6 ub{5 .
;+ljwfg;efsf] Oltxf;sf] cWoog ubf{ ;j{k|yd ;g\ !&*( df k|mfG;df ;+ljwfg;ef u7g ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;g\ !&*( h'nfO{ ( df u7g ePsf] ;+ljwfg;ef ljwflosL ;efåf/f k'g:yf{lkt ePkl5 !&(! ;]K6]Da/ #) df lj36g ePsf] lyof] . tt\kZrft\ gj]{ -!*!$_,ch]{lG6gf -!*%#_, ?; -!(!*_, hd{gL -!(!(_, lny'cflgof -!(@)_, cfo/n}08 -!(@@_, ef/t -!($^_, kfls:tfg -!($^_, O6fnL -!($^_, Oh/fon -!($*_ 6sL{ -!(^!_, gfldlaof -!(()_, ;fNef8f]/ -!((!_, sf]nlDaof -!((@_, Olyof]lkof -!(($_, blIF0f clk|msf -!(($_, k"jL{l6df]/ -!((^_, e]g]h'Pnf -!(((_ cflb /fi6«df ;+ljwfg;efsf dfWodåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
cWoogn] s] b]vfp“5 eg], ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|of; u/]sf w]/} h;f] d'n'sx¿df ;+ljwfg;efsf k|of; c;kmn ePsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjwf/0ffsf] c:ki6tf, ;+qmd0fsfnsf] plrt Joj:yfkg x'g g;Sg' / hgcfsf+Iff / ;+ljwfg;efsf] agfj6aLr ;Gt'ngsf] cefj g} c;kmntfsf k|d'v sf/s 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf af/]df gful/s lzIFfsf] cefj klg o; lbzfdf k|d'v afws /x]sf] b]lvG5 . aflx/L /fi6«sf tL cg'ejx¿ xfd|f nflu lgs} 7"nf kf7 x'g ;Sg] b]lG5 . To;f] t O6fnL, gj]{, blIf0f clk|msf nufotsf /fi6«x¿sf] b[i6fGt eg] ;f“Rr} g} g]kfnL ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu cg's/0fLo x'g ;Sg] vfnsf klg 5g\ .

• ljhoafa' vqL

• ;aeGbf a9L g]kfnL ePsf] dn]l;ofaf6 sfdbf/ :jb]z kms{g] qmd a9]sf] 5 . SjfnnDk'/af6 sf7df08f} cfpg] ;ftfsf !% eGbf a9L p8fg el/e/fp x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . dn]l;ofn] o;} ;ftfb]lv ljb]zL sfdbf/ lg?T;flxt ug]{ gLlt lnPkl5 of] qmd a9]sf] xf] . xfn Toxf“ sl/a #) nfv ljb]zL sfdbf/ 5g\ . ;fljssf clwsf+z sfdbf/ ;g\ @)!%;Dd :jb]z lkmtf{ k7fpg] cleofg ;'? ePsf] 5 .
  cfly{s jif{ @)^$÷^% sf] klxnf] gf} dlxgfdf #^ xhf/ % ;o !^ hgf dfq dn]l;of uPsf 5g\ . cleNnf] jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf %& xhf/ ^ ;o (^ g]kfnL To;tkm{ uPsf lyP . cfly{s jif{ ^@÷^# df ;aeGbf a9L *# xhf/ g]kfnL dn]l;of uPsf lyP .
  dn]l;ofnL gful/s a]/f]huf/ x'g] qmd a9\b} uPkl5 ;/sf/n] ljb]zL sfdbf/dfly k|ltaGw nufpg] gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] xf] . ut dlxgf ;DkGg r'gfjkl5 cfPsf u[xdGqL bfQ's ;ob xldb cnaf/n] a'waf/ dfgj ;+;fwg dGqfno / /f]huf/bftfnfO{ ljb]zL sfdbf/ qmlds ?kdf 36fpg cf}krfl/s cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .
  g]kfnL sfdbf/ eg] o; cl3 g} :jb]z kms{g ;'? ul/;s]sf lyP . OG6/g];gn dgL PS;k|]; -cfO{PdO{_ sf cWoIf rGb|k|;fb 9sfnn] emG8} Ps jif{{b]lv g]kfn leqg] ljk|]if0f a[l4 gePsf] atfP . dn]l;ofaf6 a;]{lg @) ca{eGbf a9L ljk|]if0f cfp“5 . Toxf“ sfo{/t sl/a $ nfv g]kfnLdWo] @ nfv %) xhf/ sfdbf/n] lgoldt dfl;s Ps ;o cd]l/sL 8n/ :jb]z k7fp“5g \ .
  b'O{ jif{cl3;Dd klg g]kfn k7fpg] /]ld6fG; a9\g] u/]sf] lyof] t/ clxn] /]ld6fG; sDkgLsf] ;+Vof a9] klg /]ld6fG; a9]sf] 5}g, 9sfnn] eg] . dn]l;ofdf sfo{/t g]kfnLsf] sdfO 36\g yfn]kl5 pgLx¿ :jb]z kms{g yfn]sf x'g\ . cf};t ! nfv ?k}ofF vr{ u/]/ Toxf“ k'u]sf g]kfnLsf] b'O{ jif{sf] sdfOn] C0f / To;sf] Jofh ltg{ l7Ss x'G5 .
  j}b]lzs /f]huf/ Joj;foL ;+3sf pkfWoIf anaxfb'/ tfdfªn] vf8Ldf eGbf dn]l;ofdf tna tyf ;'ljwf yf]/}ePsf] atfP .…‘dn]]l;of hfg rfxg] o'jf vf]Hg ufx|f] 5 .’ pgn] eg], dn]l;ofaf6 kms]{sf klg clwsf+z vf8L hfg rfxG5g  . Ps ;oeGbf a9L d]gkfj/ Ph]G;Ln] dn]l;ofdf dfq sfdbf/ k7fp“b} cfPsf 5g\ .
  ;/sf/n] dn]l;of;“u s'/f u/L tna a9fpg jf n]eL 36fpg g;s]sf] pgn] l6Kk0fL u/] . dn]l;ofdf g]kfnLsf] cfwf/e"t Go"gtd tna $ ;o &% l/+u]6dWo] pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf sfo{/t sfdbf/n] dfl;s ! ;o l/+u]6 / ;]jf If]qsf ljb]zL sfdbf/n] dfl;s !;o %) l/+u]6 ;/sf/nfO{ n]eL ltg{' k5{ . cg's"n df};d / pbf/ jftfj/0f eP klg sdfOPsf] /sd jrt gx'g] ePsfn] g]kfnL kms{g] u/]sf x'g\ .
  tfdfªn] dn]l;ofdf ;/sf/n]] pRr:t/df kxn u/]df /f]huf/bftfåf/f ;jf{lws ?rfOPsf g]kfnL sfdbf/n] cfsif{s tnadf lg/Gt/ hfg kfpg] atfP . Ps jif{ cl3 a+ufnfb]zL sfdbf/dflysf] k|ltaGw v'nfpg] pRr:t/Lo ;/sf/L k|of; ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . emG8} cf7 jif{cl3 dn]l;ofn]] a+unfb]zL sfdbf/nfO{ k|ltaGw nufO{ g]kfnnfO{ ;||f]t d'n'[s 3f]]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . v'nf ePotf Ps} jif{df # nfv a+unfb]zL dn]l;of k'lu;s] .
  dn]l;ofdf sfdbf/ cfp6;f]l;ª ug]{ gy{ xf]k e]Gr/ P;8LPg aLPr8Lsf k|aGw lgb]{zs xl/k|;fb e§/fO{n] /f]huf/bftf clxn] klg g]kfnL sfdbf/ lng OR5's /x]sf] atfP .
  ‘ljb]zL sfdbf/ lg?T;flxt ug]{ ;/sf/L lg0f{o zfGt / nugzLn dflgg] g]kfnLsf xsdf nfu" x'“b}g,’ pgn] eg], ‘of] lgod t ;fdflhs ;d:of l;h{gf ug]{ a+unfb]z, OG8f]g]l;ofnufotsf cj}wflgs sfdbf/ x6fpg NofOPsf] xf] . e§/fO{n] ;g\ @)!% ;Dd cem} tLa| ljsf; lgdf{0f x'g] ePsfn]] g]kfnLsf /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ k|efljt gx'g] atfP .